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Measurement and Geometry Adjustment Wheels With Optical
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
* Measure and adjust the camber angle
* Measure and set the caster angle
* Measure and set the toe? in
* Measure the corner king-pin
TOOL
* Tools Lifting / jack
* Measuring tool geometry wheels
* The tool box
* Tong pipe
* The lights work
INGREDIENTS :
* Cars with the suspension wishbone
* Oil penetrant
* Lap
* Chalk
TIME:
* Instructions:
* Exercise:
WORK SAFETY
Do not work under the lifted car without stand
WORK STEPS
* Straighten the wheels and plug the turntable
* Install equipment measuring instrument, when other types of rims select the same adapter bolts
Installation of the unit board scale
* Hang the scale board unit in such a manner on the rear wheel
* The position of board scale must be the same between the left and right
Installation of optical instruments and calibration
* Replace the optical instrument and focus on signs? X? on board scale so obvious (during focusing and calibrating the fastening bolts must be free)
* Lift the car and calibrate the position of an optical instrument, note the bolt of blue and blue stripe, yellow bolts and the yellow line)
Calibration of optical devices
Place the yellow bolt on the top and the blue lines parallel optical instrument, read the sign? X? on board scale, such a sign? X? appoint 20
Turn the wheel in 1800 so that a bolt of blue on top and the other blue line parallel optical instrument, read, such a sign? X? appoint 26 set blue bolt up to the mark? X? pointing = 23
20 + 26 = 46/2 = 23
Turn the wheel 900 to the yellow line parallel optical instrument, set the yellow bolt up to the mark? X? appoint 23
*
Measurement toe? in
* Measure the distance the wheel
Example: 1300
* Tell the position of an optical instrument with a view? spirit level? Average optical instrument harden after fastening bolts
* Consider the diagram board, align one of the lines projected on the board diagram and read the lines projected on board another diagram
One board diagram: a line projected at zero position
Board another diagram (projection line shows the price toe?-In / toe? Out)
* Pay attention to the intersection between the lines with lines wheelbase scale projections. The point of intersection indicates the angle big toe? in (see line scale degrees)
* Also note the toe? out (green) and a toe? in (red) on the board diagram
For example:
* Check the projection line
* Wheelbase 1300
* Angle toe? in = 10
Measuring tool Camber: Caster and King pin angle
Camber gauge
* Align the front wheels and set the toe? in approaching 0
* Turn the rotary scale A: A spirit level to show the normal position (air bubbles in the middle)
* Read the appointment of a rotary scale: the results of the appointment is the price camber
Scale right is positive camber price
Skala left is negative camber price
measurements Caster
* In measuring caster (also a corner king pin) wheel to be braked, thereby suppressing the brake pedal rod pairs
* Turn the wheel 200, (for the measurement of the right wheel is deflected to the right for the measurement of left wheel is deflected to the left)
* After a deflected wheel 200, set the BC rotary scale at zero and set the water also fit in BC in the normal position
* Turn the wheel again 400 toward the back (200 passing through 00), set again scale rotary fitting BC BC until normal water again
* Read scale BC swivel caster appointment is the price!
(See the green scale)!
* Repeat remedy other wheel
King corner? Pin (Inclination King? Pin)
* Install CC I fill the tank C
* Turn the wheel 200 (for the measurement of the right wheel is deflected, for the measurement of the left wheel steered to the left!
* After the wheel dibelok 200, set the BC rotary scale at zero and set the water also fit in a normal position (zero)
* Turn the wheel again 400 toward the back (200 passing through 00) set to turn the scale again fitting the BC to BC normal water again
* Read scale rotary BC, the appointment is priced corner king? pin
Instructions scale reading (the angle measurement king? Pin)
* The color red for the wheels to the right
* The yellow color on the wheel to the left
Camber Penyetalan Wish Bone
Example I: In Toyota Kijang wear shim setter
Work steps :
* Loosen the nut
* Add / subtract shim (select the appropriate shim) to get the correct specifications
Note (see picture):
With the increase / decrease the shim thickness equal camber changes
adjustment Caster
Examples of the Toyota Kijang
* Setting caster Toyota Kijang car with a detour hinge arm
And also by means of the adjusting shim
Work steps :
* Loosen the nuts and bolts loose fastening
* Turn the hinge arm will change the caster
Note:
With the increase / decrease the shim thickness is not the same changes
Adjustment toe? in
* Set toe-in by adjusting the length of tie? rod right and left (one round on the setter result in a change of toe? in? 4 mm)
* Check the toe? in again and repeat the adjustment until the results are in accordance
* Pump up the bolts? bolts on the setter
Measurement and Geometry Adjustment Wheels With Optical
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
* Measure and adjust the camber angle
* Measure and set the caster angle
* Measure and set the toe? in
* Measure the corner king-pin
TOOL
* Tools Lifting / jack
* Measuring tool geometry wheels
* The tool box
* Tong pipe
* The lights work
INGREDIENTS :
* Cars with the suspension wishbone
* Oil penetrant
* Lap
* Chalk
TIME:
* Instructions:
* Exercise:
WORK SAFETY
Do not work under the lifted car without stand
WORK STEPS
* Straighten the wheels and plug the turntable
* Install equipment measuring instrument, when other types of rims select the same adapter bolts
Installation of the unit board scale
* Hang the scale board unit in such a manner on the rear wheel
* The position of board scale must be the same between the left and right
Installation of optical instruments and calibration
* Replace the optical instrument and focus on signs? X? on board scale so obvious (during focusing and calibrating the fastening bolts must be free)
* Lift the car and calibrate the position of an optical instrument, note the bolt of blue and blue stripe, yellow bolts and the yellow line)
Calibration of optical devices
Place the yellow bolt on the top and the blue lines parallel optical instrument, read the sign? X? on board scale, such a sign? X? appoint 20
Turn the wheel in 1800 so that a bolt of blue on top and the other blue line parallel optical instrument, read, such a sign? X? appoint 26 set blue bolt up to the mark? X? pointing = 23
20 + 26 = 46/2 = 23
Turn the wheel 900 to the yellow line parallel optical instrument, set the yellow bolt up to the mark? X? appoint 23
*
Measurement toe? in
* Measure the distance the wheel
Example: 1300
* Tell the position of an optical instrument with a view? spirit level? Average optical instrument harden after fastening bolts
* Consider the diagram board, align one of the lines projected on the board diagram and read the lines projected on board another diagram
One board diagram: a line projected at zero position
Board another diagram (projection line shows the price toe?-In / toe? Out)
* Pay attention to the intersection between the lines with lines wheelbase scale projections. The point of intersection indicates the angle big toe? in (see line scale degrees)
* Also note the toe? out (green) and a toe? in (red) on the board diagram
For example:
* Check the projection line
* Wheelbase 1300
* Angle toe? in = 10
Measuring tool Camber: Caster and King pin angle
Camber gauge
* Align the front wheels and set the toe? in approaching 0
* Turn the rotary scale A: A spirit level to show the normal position (air bubbles in the middle)
* Read the appointment of a rotary scale: the results of the appointment is the price camber
Scale right is positive camber price
Skala left is negative camber price
measurements Caster
* In measuring caster (also a corner king pin) wheel to be braked, thereby suppressing the brake pedal rod pairs
* Turn the wheel 200, (for the measurement of the right wheel is deflected to the right for the measurement of left wheel is deflected to the left)
* After a deflected wheel 200, set the BC rotary scale at zero and set the water also fit in BC in the normal position
* Turn the wheel again 400 toward the back (200 passing through 00), set again scale rotary fitting BC BC until normal water again
* Read scale BC swivel caster appointment is the price!
(See the green scale)!
* Repeat remedy other wheel
King corner? Pin (Inclination King? Pin)
* Install CC I fill the tank C
* Turn the wheel 200 (for the measurement of the right wheel is deflected, for the measurement of the left wheel steered to the left!
* After the wheel dibelok 200, set the BC rotary scale at zero and set the water also fit in a normal position (zero)
* Turn the wheel again 400 toward the back (200 passing through 00) set to turn the scale again fitting the BC to BC normal water again
* Read scale rotary BC, the appointment is priced corner king? pin
Instructions scale reading (the angle measurement king? Pin)
* The color red for the wheels to the right
* The yellow color on the wheel to the left
Camber Penyetalan Wish Bone
Example I: In Toyota Kijang wear shim setter
Work steps :
* Loosen the nut
* Add / subtract shim (select the appropriate shim) to get the correct specifications
Note (see picture):
With the increase / decrease the shim thickness equal camber changes
adjustment Caster
Examples of the Toyota Kijang
* Setting caster Toyota Kijang car with a detour hinge arm
And also by means of the adjusting shim
Work steps :
* Loosen the nuts and bolts loose fastening
* Turn the hinge arm will change the caster
Note:
With the increase / decrease the shim thickness is not the same changes
Adjustment toe? in
* Set toe-in by adjusting the length of tie? rod right and left (one round on the setter result in a change of toe? in? 4 mm)
* Check the toe? in again and repeat the adjustment until the results are in accordance
* Pump up the bolts? bolts on the setter
INSTRUCTIONS:
Big toe? in general 1? 5 mm on cars with front drive? 0 mm
If part setter toe? in jams, tie? rod must be replaced by new. Do not heat by welding brander. Materials are often treated tie rod ends heat
When heated again, the material becomes weak and can be broken
Adjustment toe? in the kind? Construction kinds steering connection
a). Steering connections, with rack and pinion steering
b). Connection wheel at Aksel rigrid
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Pengukuran Dan Penyetelan Geometri Roda Dengan Alat Optik
TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
* Mengukur dan menyetel sudut camber
* Mengukur dan menyetel sudut caster
* Mengukur dan menyetel toe ? in
* Mengukur sudut king-pin
ALAT
* Alat pengangkat / dongkrak
* Alat ukur geometri roda
* Kotak alat
* Tong pipa
* Lampu kerja
BAHAN :
* Mobil dengan suspensi wishbone
* Oli penetran
* Lap
* Kapur
WAKTU :
* Instruksi :
* Latihan :
KESELAMATAN KERJA
Jangan bekerja di bawah mobil yang terangkat tanpa penyangga
LANGKAH KERJA
* Luruskan roda dan pasang meja putar
* Pasang perlengkapan alat ukur, bila jenis pelek lain pilih baut adapter yang sama
Pemasangan unit papan skala
* Gantungkan unit papan skala sedemikian rupa pada roda belakang
* Posisi papan skala harus sama antara kiri dan kanan
Pemasangan alat optik dan kalibrasi
* Pasang alat optik dan fokuskan tanda ? X ? pada papan skala sehingga nampak jelas ( sewaktu memfokuskan dan mengkalibrasi baut pengikat harus bebas )
* Angkat mobil dan kalibrasikan kedudukan alat optik, perhatikan baut biru dan garis biru, baut kuning dan garis kuning )
Kalibrasi alat optik
Tempatkan baut kuning di atas dan garis biru sejajar alat optik, baca tanda ? X ? pada papan skala, misal tanda ? X ? menunjuk 20
Putar roda 1800 sehingga baut biru di atas dan garis biru yang lain sejajar alat optik, baca, misal tanda ? X ? menunjuk 26, setel baut biru sampai tanda ? X ? menunjuk = 23
20 + 26 = 46/2 = 23
Putar roda 900 sampai garis kuning sejajar alat optik, setel baut kuning sampai tanda ? X ? menunjuk 23
*
Pengukuran toe ? in
* Ukur jarak roda
Misal : 1300
* Katakan kedudukan alat optik dengan melihat ? waterpas ? setelah alat optik rata keraskan baut pengikatnya
* Perhatikan papan diagram, tepatkan salah satu garis proyeksi pada papan diagram dan baca garis proyeksi pada papan diagram yang lain
Salah satu papan diagram : garis proyeksi pada posisi nol
Papan diagram yang lain : ( garis proyeksi menunjukkan harga toe ? in / toe ? out )
* Perhatikan perpotongan antara garis skala jarak roda dengan garis proyeksi. Titik perpotongan menunjukkan besar sudut toe ? in ( lihat garis skala drajat )
* Juga perhatikan tanda toe ? out ( hijau ) dan tanda toe ? in ( merah ) pada papan diagram
Misal :
* Lihat garis proyeksi
* Jarak roda 1300
* Sudut toe ? in = 10
Alat ukur Camber : Caster dan sudut King pin
Pengukur Camber
* Luruskan roda depan dan setel toe ? in mendekati 0
* Putar skala putar A : sampai waterpas A menunjukkan kedudukan normal ( gelembung udara di tengah )
* Baca penunjukan skala putar A : hasil penunjukan adalah harga camber
Skala sebelah kanan adalah harga camber positif
Skala sebelah kiri adalah harga camber negatif
Pengukuran Caster
* Pada pengukuran caster ( juga sudut king pin ) roda harus direm, oleh karenanya pasang batang penekan pedal rem
* Belokkan roda 200, ( untuk pengukuran roda kanan dibelokkan ke kanan untuk pengukuran roda kiri dibelokkan ke kiri )
* Setelah roda dibelokkan 200,setel skala putar BC pada nol dan setel juga water pas pada BC pada kedudukan normal
* Belokkan roda lagi 400 ke arah balik ( 200 melewati 00 ), setel lagi skala putar BC sampai water pas BC normal lagi
* Baca skala putar BC penunjukannya adalah harga caster !
( Lihat skala hijau ) !
* Ulangi untk roda lain
Sudut King ? Pin ( Inklinasi King ? Pin )
* Pasang CC I masukkan tangki C
* Belokkan roda 200 ( untuk pengukuran roda kanan dibelokkan, untuk pengukuran roda kiri di belokkan ke kiri !
* Setelah roda dibelok 200, setel skala putar BC pada nol dan setel juga water pas pada kedudukan normal ( nol )
* Belokkan roda lagi 400 ke arah balik ( 200 melewati 00 ) setel lagi skala putar BC sampai water pas pada BC normal lagi
* Baca skala putar BC, penunjukan adalah harga sudut king ? pin
Petunjuk pembacaan skala ( pada pengukuran sudut king ? pin )
* Warna merah untuk roda sebelah kanan
* Warna kuning untuk roda sebelah kiri
Penyetalan Camber Wish Bone
Contoh I : Pada Toyota Kijang memakai shim penyetel
Langkah kerja :
* Kendorkan mur
* Tambah / kurangi shim ( pilih shim yang sesuai ) untuk mendapatkan harga spesifikasi yang benar
Catatan ( lihat gambar ) :
Dengan menambah / mengurangi shim yang tebalnya sama terjadi perubahan camber
Penyetelan Caster
Contoh pada mobil Toyota Kijang
* Penyetelan caster mobil Toyota Kijang dengan jalan memutar engsel lengan atas
Dan juga bisa dengan memakai shim penyetel
Langkah kerja :
* Kendorkan mur dan lepas baut pengikatnya
* Putar engsel lengan atas akan terjadi perubahan caster
Catatan :
Dengan menambah / mengurangi shim yang tebalnya tidak sama terjadi perubahan
Penyetelan toe ? in
* Setel toe in dengan menyesuaikan panjang tie ? rod kanan dan kiri ( satu putaran pada bagian penyetel mengakibatkan perubahan toe ? in ? 4 mm )
* Cek toe ? in lagi dan ulangi penyetelan sampai hasilnya sesuai
* Keraskan baut ? baut pada bagian penyetel
PETUNJUK :
Besar toe ? in umumnya 1 ? 5 mm pada mobil dengan penggerak depan ? 0 mm
Jika bagian penyetel toe ? in macet, tie ? rod harus diganti baru. Jangan memanaskan dengan brander las. Bahan ujung tie rod sering diperlakukan panas
Jika dipanaskan lagi, bahan menjadi lemah dan dapat patah
Penyetelan toe ? in pada macam ? macam konstruksi sambungan kemudi
a). Sambungan kemudi, dengan kemudi rak dan pinion
b). Sambungan kemudi pada aksel rigrid
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